Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Wood Cell Wall by Compression Test of Compressed Wood for Finite Element Analysis
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Forming simulations using computational methods is useful for efficient manufacturing and process design. However, simulation of large deformation of wood is difficult because the wood has a hierarchical and complex structure including voids. The authors proposed finite element method (FEM) analysis with a model whose shape is like a wood cell structure to simulate the large deformation of the wood and wood deformation was reproduced by the proposed method. On the other hand, a method for determining the mechanical properties of the cell wall has not been established. This paper proposes a compression test of compressed wood for determining the mechanical properties of the cell wall for FEM analysis. The mechanical properties of the cell wall are assumed to be the same as that of the compressed wood without voids in the proposed method. However, it is difficult to completely crush voids inside the wood by compressing the wood. In this study, the mechanical properties, which are Young’s modulus E and yield stress σy, of the compressed wood without voids were predicted as the cell-wall properties by conducting the compression test of compressed woods with different compression ratios. A virtual compression test was conducted by FEM analysis using the mechanical properties predicted by the proposed method, and the load-displacement curve of the FEM was compared to that of the experiment. As a result, Young’s modulus E and yield stress σy of the compressed wood increased exponentially with the increase in the density. E and σy of the compressed wood without voids were predicted to be 2000 MPa and 120 MPa, respectively. The load-displacement curve of FEM analysis using the predicted mechanical properties agreed with that of the experiment in the compression test of the wood.
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