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This contribution addresses the solution of slope stability problems in 3D using the finite element method and incremental procedures like the shear strength reduction or limit load methods. A complex solution concept enabling to overcome spurious numerical oscillations, reduce overestimation of safety factors, and solve ill-conditioned systems of linearized equations is proposed and supported by recent mathematical results. In particular, we build on Mohr-Coulomb plasticity, Davis' modifications of the nonassociated plastic flow rule and related optimization approaches, indirect continuation techniques, relationships of incremental and limit analysis methods, mesh adaptivity, Newton-like and deflated Krylov's methods with preconditioners. The suggested solution concept is implemented using in-house codes in Matlab, which are available for download, and illustrated with numerical benchmarks on slope stability in 3D. The research is supported by the European Union through the Operational Programme Jan Amos Komenský under project INODIN No. CZ.02.01.01/00/23_020/0008487.