COMPLAS 2025

Keynote

Hydrogen Embrittlement Failure Prediction Using a Gradient Enhanced Damage Approach

  • Yin, Liam (Ansys, Inc.)
  • Eckardt, Stefan (Ansys, Inc.)
  • Ahmed, Raashed (Ansys, Inc.)
  • LIN, Guoyu (Ansys, Inc.)

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In practical engineering applications, hydrogen embrittlement (HE) is a critical phenomenon that severely compromises the ductility of metallic components and structures, leading to brittle-like failures under service conditions. This study introduces a numerical model for simulating hydrogen-induced damage using a continuous damage mechanics (CDM) approach within a gradient-enhanced framework. The proposed constitutive model is formulated in a thermodynamically consistent manner to capture the fully coupled effects of stress-assisted hydrogen diffusion (including trapping effects), mechanical deformation, and damage evolution. The core embrittlement mechanism is governed by the interaction between local hydrogen concentration and damage evolution, where hydrogen accumulation accelerates the material degradation process. Specifically, the presence of hydrogen weakens the material, causing damage to begin at lower stress levels and to grow more quickly, ultimately accelerating the failure process. The numerical model is implemented within the Ansys MAPDL software, enabling the simulation of progressive material degradation due to hydrogen-assisted cracking. Representative numerical simulations, Fig. 1, are conducted to assess the influence of hydrogen concentration on the failure process and the results demonstrate the model’s capability to accurately predict key features of hydrogen embrittlement, providing a valuable tool for assessing material susceptibility and designing more resilient engineering structures exposed to hydrogen-rich environments.